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STEM - General Research Guide: Research Vs. Review Articles

Some databases like Web of Science allow you to filter results to only see review articles. There are also journals that only publish review articles, like Chemical Reviews, Chemical Society Reviews, and the Annual Reviews series. But review and research articles can also be published in the same journal, and even within the same issue.

The best way to determine if you have a research or review article is by reading the abstract.

RESEARCH ARTICLES report on original research from a study or experiment, with data, results, discussion, and where those results fit within the context of the research in this field. These sections should be clearly identified within the paper. Expect action words like develop, observe, find, create, conduct, demonstrate, examine, investigate, present, show, and measure. There is usually a smaller literature review to identify prior research, but it's not the focus of the article. REVIEW ARTICLES summarize and synthesize research in a given field of study by looking at the research articles. These articles do not contain original research, though may draw additional conclusions.  These articles can serve as excellent summaries on a research topic, as well as point you to key research articles. Articles are divided by topic rather than the methods/results/discussion structure.
Zhou, Y.; Jiang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, Y.; Wang, Z.; Liu, A.; Lv, Z.; Xie, M. Fluffy-Like Cation-Exchanged Prussian Blue Analogues for Sodium-Ion Battery Cathodes ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2022, 14 (28), 32149-32156. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c08739  Singh, A. N.; Islam, M.; Meena, A.; Faizan, M.; Han, D.; Bathula, C.; Hajibabaei, A.; Anand, R.; Nam, K.-W. Unleashing the Potential of Sodium-Ion Batteries: Current State and Future Directions for Sustainable Energy Storage. Advanced Functional Materials 2023, 33 (46), 2304617. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202304617

Prussian blue (PB) and its analogues are considered as promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to their low cost and high capacity. However, it is still a huge challenge to avoid obvious capacity decay during cycling due to the structural collapse. Herein, we design a method to replace parts of Fe ion sites in PB with Ni ions to prepare fluffy-like nickel PB (PB-Ni) by cationic solution immersion, which improves cycling stability for sodium storage. The content of Ni in PB-Ni is explored by regulating the soaking time in the Ni-containing solution, which results in different effects on the electrochemical performance as cathodes of SIBs. Especially, PB-Ni-1d (soaking in NiCl2 solution for 1 day) exhibits an initial capacity of 114.2 mA h g–1 at 50 mA g–1 and a stable cycling performance of 800 cycles at 300 mA g–1. Furthermore, the reversible phase transformation and small volume variation for PB-Ni-1d are revealed by in situ X-ray diffraction characterization. The nickel hexacyanoferrate in outer layer maintains the cubic phase to stabilize the crystal structure. The cation-exchange strategy provides a facile idea to fabricate high-quality PB cathodes with superior stability for high-performance SIBs.

 

Rechargeable sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are emerging as a viable alternative to lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology, as their raw materials are economical, geographically abundant (unlike lithium), and less toxic. The matured LIB technology contributes significantly to digital civilization, from mobile electronic devices to zero electric-vehicle emissions. However, with the increasing reliance on renewable energy sources and the anticipated integration of high-energy-density batteries into the grid, concerns have arisen regarding the sustainability of lithium due to its limited availability and consequent price escalations. In this context, SIBs have gained attention as a potential energy storage alternative, benefiting from the abundance of sodium and sharing electrochemical characteristics similar to LIBs. Furthermore, high-entropy chemistry has emerged as a new paradigm, promising to enhance energy density and accelerate advancements in battery technology to meet the growing energy demands. This review uncovers the fundamentals, current progress, and the views on the future of SIB technologies, with a discussion focused on the design of novel materials. The crucial factors, such as morphology, crystal defects, and doping, that can tune electrochemistry, which should inspire young researchers in battery technology to identify and work on challenging research problems, are also reviewed.