Political Science: Congressional Elections + Data

The United States Historical Election Returns series was developed by ICPSR and was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities. ICPSR's holdings of historical election data cover the years 1788-1990 and consist of several discrete datasets that contain county- and state-level returns for all elections to the offices of president, governor, United States senator, and United States representative. ICPSR distributes three major general election data collections: United States Historical Election Returns, 1824-1968 (ICPSR 0001), General Election Data for the United States, 1950-1990 (ICPSR 0013), and United States Historical Election Returns, 1788-1823 (ICPSR 0079). ICPSR 0001 contains state files that list county- level returns for over 90 percent of all elections to the offices of president, governor, United States senator, and United States representative for all parties and candidates from 1824 to 1968, as well as special elections and regularly-scheduled contests. ICPSR 0013 consists of national files containing county-level returns for elections to the offices of president, governor, United States senator, and United States representative from 1950 to 1990. Also included in this collection are returns for one additional statewide office, usually attorney general or secretary of state, for those states that elected state offices in the period 1970-1990. ICPSR 0079 is an extension of the general election collection (ICPSR 0001) and covers the preceding years, 1788-1823, going back to the occurrence of the first elections held under the United States Constitution. This collection contains data for elections to the offices of president, governor, and United States representative for the years 1788-1823. These data, recorded chiefly at the county level, consist of only about half of the possible returns for elections in this period and are less complete than the body of returns available for the years from 1824-present. The Candidate Name and Constituency Totals, 1788-1990 (ICPSR 0002) data collection provides the names of candidates, candidates' political party name and ICPSR party ID code, and the number of votes received by each candidate for elections between 1788 and 1900. The data include county-level returns for over 90 percent of all elections to the offices of president, governor, United States representative (1824-1990), and United States senator (1912-1990). The dataset also includes returns for approximately two-thirds of all elections to the offices of president, governor, United States senator, and United States representative for the period 1788-1823. It contains returns for all parties and candidates (as well as scattering vote) contesting general elections and special elections anywhere in the nation. Information is also included on elections for which returns are available only at the constituency level and therefore not found in the county-level files of election returns in the other collections. Beginning with the 1968 elections, returns for one additional statewide office were included. Also included are 1990 data from the District of Columbia for United States senator and United States representative. Data is downloadable in ASCII, SAS, and SPSS formats. ICPSR 0013 is also available as tsv and pre-formatted for R and Stata.

House election data in Excel from 1992 to present, broken down by Congressional District and County.
- Candidates - candidate names and party ballot listing per state
- Vote Data by State - summarizes vote totals by state for each candidate - with boundary file information (fips)
- Vote Data by County - vote data for all counties of all states plus DC - with boundary file information (fips)
- Vote Data by Town - vote data for New England towns (ME, MA, CT, RI, VT, NH) - with boundary file information (fips)
- Graphs - pie charts for each state and national total.
- Party - data sorted by strength at the state level for the major parties.
- Statistics - page of statistics includes closest states, max, min, counties, etc.
- Data Sources - a list of data sources used to compile the spreadsheet.

This directory contains two data resources. First, this directory contains raw U.S. county-level electoral data of: 1) presidential elections from 1868-2020, 2) U.S. Senate elections from 1908-2020, and 3) gubernatorial elections from 1865-2020. Secondly, this directory contains all replication files for the manuscript "Partisanship & Nationalization in American Elections: Evidence from Presidential, Senatorial, & Gubernatorial Elections in the U.S. Counties, 1872-2020" published in Electoral Studies.Data is in Rdata format.

Includes precinct-level data for Presidential, Senate, House, state, and local elections starting with 2016. Also includes constituency-level Presidential, Senate, and House returns back to 1976 and county-level returns for the Presidency back to 2000. Also available via website and Github. Data is in .tab format.

Includes Precinct-level election data for U.S. State for elections from 2002 to 2012 and 2014

provides precinct-level election data for all federal and state races at and above State House for 1984-1990.

Project in process, with some data available. "Our goal is to create the first free, comprehensive, standardized, linked set of election data for the United States, including federal and statewide offices."

Aggregated Official Results of Past Elections (Maps & Data) with state-level data tables for President back to 1824 and Senator and Governor back to 1990. Detailed national results for major and minor candidate for U.S. presidential election from 1789 to present. Also has state-level data tables for Presidential primaries back to 1992. Site also has information on candidates, parties, electoral vote total, maps, charts, and more.

This dataset compiles primary election results for Democratic and Republican U.S. House candidates running in elections from 2012 to 2018. The data include results from all states except those conducting “top two primaries” (California and Washington for the entirety of this time period) as well as from Louisiana, which does not hold traditional primary elections. These data were collected by Michael G. Miller (mgmiller@barnard.edu) and Nicki Camberg, both of Barnard College. If you publish with these data, please cite as: Miller, Michael G., and Nicki Camberg. 2020. “U.S. House Primary Election Results (2012-2018).” Harvard Dataverse, Version 1. This file employs the same architecture as the following dataset: Pettigrew, Stephen; Owen, Karen; Wanless, Emily, 2014, "U.S. House Primary Election Results (1956-2010)," available at https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/26448. Current version information can be found at the preceding link. This dataset can therefore be used as a stand-alone file, or can be appended to Pettigrew et al. to yield primary election data for years 1956 to 2018. If users append this dataset to Pettigrew et al., both datasets should be cited. Data in .tab format.

Election return data from all Democratic and Republican primaries for the US House of Representatives for 1956-2010. Includes district-specific variables, as well as data about candidate backgrounds and gender in recent years. Data in .tab format. For an appendable version of the 2012-2018 data, see Miller/Camberg 2020: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/CXVMSY

a searchable collection of election returns from the earliest years of American democracy, 1787-1825.

The Cook PVI measures how each district performs at the presidential level compared to the nation as a whole.